Entwurf Herbstsemester 2012
Tirano – Alpine City as the Crux of Three Valleys
Tirano is an inner alpine city located in Veltlin, one of the largest and most significant valleys in northern Italy. Due to its strategic location at the crux of three valleys and its proximity to Italy’s Swiss and Austrian borders, the city played a crucial role in crossing the Alps up until the early 19th century.
We approach the city by considering the concept of territory, which entails analyzing and exposing the specific characteristics of the three valleys. A concrete program is not assigned during this process, but rather, studio designs can develop in three possible directions: tourism, infrastructure, or agriculture. The intervention thus fluctuates between large-scale landscape-architectonic scenarios and concrete architectonic proposals. For example, we could examine the latter by means of the alpine hotel, the concept of agrotourism, or the conversion of abandoned sanatoria.
The semester in Tirano belongs to the design series called Process Cartography, which studies medium-scale design scenarios in inner alpine cities by including questions of spatial, social, and economic relevance.
Archive
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Entwurf Frühjahrssemester 2023:
Profile der Alpen:
Landschaft, Landscape, Paysage – Talschaft -
Entwurf Herbstsemester 2022:
Profile der Alpen:
Landschaft, Landscape, Paysage – Talschaft - Entwurf Frühjahrssemester 2022: Turin – Alpentäler der Città Metropolitana di Torino
- Entwurf Frühlingssemester 2020: Wien – perialpine und zentraleuropäische Landschaft
- Design Spring Semester 2019: Marseille – Maritime and Alpine Landscape
- Design Autumn 2017: Munich and the Bavarian Alps
- Entwurf Herbstsemester 2016: Ljubljana – Eine Sammlung alpiner Landschaften
- Entwurf Herbstsemester 2015: Lyon – Trois montagnes, trois rivières, trois parcs, trois échelles
- Entwurf Herbstsemester 2014: Mailand: Lungo il Lambro – Von den Alpen zum Po
- Entwurf Herbstsemester 2013: Davos – City of the Alps
- Entwurf Herbstsemester 2011: Aosta – Alpine Stadt zwischen Industrie und Landschaft
Medium-sized Alpine Towns
The medium-sized Alpine town is a urban type, with its specific functional and spatial peculiarities. It does not rely on tourism and the presence of snow; it has a population between 20,000 and 50,000 inhabitants; it occupies the bottom of a glacial valley and sits at an altitude between 200 and 800 meters above sea level. There are many examples: in Italy Aosta (population 35.000, altitude 600 masl), in Switzerland Bellinzona (p. 18.000, a. 250), in Austria Lienz (p. 12.000, a. 700), in France Gap (p. 41.000, a. 735), in Slovenia Kranj (p. 37.000, a. 400), in Germany Garmisch-Partenkirchen (p. 26.000, a. 708).
What do medium-sized Alpine towns have in common? Firstly, they all sit on or near a river (or sometimes a lake), implying the presence of a bridge; engineering works – bridges, embankments, tunnels, and dams – play important roles. Secondly, the constant presence of military praesidia and barracks; these are often empty and their eventual conversion shall have to confront the fact that most medium-sized Alpine towns have a declining population. Thirdly, the presence of a municipal market square, with a fountain and porticoes.
Compared to the metropolitan areas forming a galaxy around the Alps, medium-sized Alpine towns present a contrast. Typically, the functions of medium-sized Alpine towns range from health to culture, from education to recreation, from transport to craft, from water to energy management, from year-round tourism to periodical conventions.
Most towns also offer mementos of pre-tourism days, when the Alps were exploited as a mining and quarrying area: granite, basalt, gneiss, sand, lime, iron, and even gold. Some old industrial areas survive, some have been submerged by the advance of nature, and some have become tourist attractions. One could say that medium-sized Alpine towns convey the melancholy of the in-between; they compete, on opposite fronts, against a handful of multi-purpose Alpine towns (Bolzano, Innsbruck, Grenoble, Luzern, Villach) and against a myriad of picturesque villages dependent on tourism.